Category Archives: Uncategorized

802.11ax – Uplink and Downlink Operations

Wifi 6 enhances the 802.11ac technology by improving the Network Efficiency with higher data rates. Here are the key features which 802.11ax provides over 802.11c. Let’s dive in a little – Parameters 802.11ac 802.11ax Spectrum No Support for 2.4 GHz Supports 5GHz only Supports 2.4 GHzSupports 5 GHzSupports 6 GHz (extended) Bandwidth 20 MHz, 40Continue reading “802.11ax – Uplink and Downlink Operations”

API on MM (cont’d)

Context APIs (NBAPIs) NB API is part of ALE solution that is being integrated with Mobility Master and the helper process aids the JVM process in the AOS Services controller. This process receives the protobuf encoded ZMQ ALE feed consisting of Geofence, Location and Presence updates and makes them available to NBAPI JVM process asContinue reading “API on MM (cont’d)”

802.11k – Radio Resource Management

The 802.11k protocol provides mechanisms for APs and clients to dynamically measure the available radio resources by sending neighbor reports, beacon reports, and link measurement reports to each other. This allows the APs and clients to understand the RF environment and helps the client to take improved roaming decisions. Neighbor Report Request/Response Neighbor Requests areContinue reading “802.11k – Radio Resource Management”

Block Acknowledgement

Block acknowledgement (BA) was initially defined in IEEE 802.11e as an optional scheme to improve the MAC efficiency. 802.11n amendment ratified in 2009 enhances this BA mechanism then made it as mandatory to support by all 802.11n-capable devices. The Originator which intends to use Block Ack Mechanism, should first check if the recipient station is capable of participating in BlockContinue reading “Block Acknowledgement”

WPA3-Personal (SAE)

Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) is a new Pre Shared Key (PSK) based authentication introduced in IEEE 802.11-2016 specification that intends to replace the less secure WPA2-PSK authentication. Why SAE over PSK ? With Pre Shared Key, the chances of offline dictionary attacks are more where an attack can be performed by obtaining a ciphertext generatedContinue reading “WPA3-Personal (SAE)”

Application program interface (API) on MM

Why do we need API ? For Aruba’s 6.x code versions, automation was not easy as CLI use to change over the time and WEBUI was not easily automatable. WebUI used CLIs to communicate to the backend, which was hard coded and not easily extensible. The show commands of the configuration used to be displayedContinue reading “Application program interface (API) on MM”

Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE)

What is OWE and why do we need it ? In few past years, we have heard of a lot of situations in which the Open and WPA2 pre-shared key networks were cyber attacked and easily compromised. Coffee shops, restaurants and many other public venues still use captive portal which in majority is open SSID’s,Continue reading “Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE)”

802.11r – Fast BSS Transition (FT)

IEEE 802.11r was published in 2008 and was aiming for faster and secure handoff’s within the service set. It is also known as Fast Basic Service Set Transition (Fast BSS Set Transition) Key items involved when we talk about FT, Mobility Domain : Mobility Domain (MD) is a set of basic service sets (BSS) withContinue reading “802.11r – Fast BSS Transition (FT)”

802.11ax – Explicit Beamforming (TxBF)

As we know, that Omnidirectional antennas will send out signals in all directions, but it’s important to increase the efficiency of the signal transmission by keeping them focussed where it’s needed. The coherent way to doing this is by using beamforming, which directs the energy towards the users by making use of sounding signal, channelContinue reading “802.11ax – Explicit Beamforming (TxBF)”